Constellation Object: Difference between revisions

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GNU Radio supports the creation and use of Constellation objects for many of its digital communications needs. We define these constellations with a set of constellation points in complex space and the symbol mappings to those points. For a constellation that has 4 symbols, it then has log2(4) = 2 bits/symbol. We define this constellation with a list of Constellation Points and Symbol Map.  For example, 16QAM would have:


Constellation Points = [(-3-3j), (-1-3j), (1-3j), (3-3j), (-3-1j), (-1-1j), (1-1j), (3-1j), (-3+1j), (-1+1j), (1+1j), (3+1j), (-3+3j), (-1+3j), (1+3j), (3+3j)]
Symbol Map = [0, 4, 12, 8, 1, 5, 13, 9, 3, 7, 15, 11, 2, 6, 14, 10]


The mapping is a 1-to-1 for the items in both lists.  The symbols are referred to as the 'pre_diff_code' since this is the mapping before the application of differential modulation, if used.


See [https://www.gnuradio.org/doc/doxygen/page_digital.html] for more info.
See [https://www.gnuradio.org/doc/doxygen/page_digital.html] for more info.


== Parameters ==
'''
Constellation Type''' - Type of modulation scheme.  Choose Variable Constellation for more control.
'''Soft Decisions Precision''' - Specifies how accurate the look up table (LUT) is to a given number of bits.
'''Soft Decisions LUT''' - Vector of floating point tuples that acts as the look up table (LUT). Can be set to 'auto' for GNU Radio to populate it.
'''Symbol Map''' - (Available when using Variable Constellation) Manually specify the symbol map, in list form.
'''Constellation Points''' - (Available when using Variable Constellation) Manually specify the constellation points, using a list of complex numbers.
'''Rotational Symmetry''' - (Available when using Variable Constellation) The number of rotations per 360 degrees that the constellation is symmetric, which is 4 for the common constellations.
'''Dimensionality''' - (Available when using Variable Constellation) The number of dimensions, typically set to 1.


== Example Flowgraph ==
== Example Flowgraph ==
This flowgraph generates symbols using a chosen modulation scheme, runs the signal through a channel model, and then simulates a receiver by synchronizing to the signal and performing soft decoding.


[[File:constellation_soft_decoder_ex.png|800px]]
[[File:constellation_soft_decoder_ex.png|800px]]

Revision as of 03:00, 11 March 2019

GNU Radio supports the creation and use of Constellation objects for many of its digital communications needs. We define these constellations with a set of constellation points in complex space and the symbol mappings to those points. For a constellation that has 4 symbols, it then has log2(4) = 2 bits/symbol. We define this constellation with a list of Constellation Points and Symbol Map. For example, 16QAM would have:

Constellation Points = [(-3-3j), (-1-3j), (1-3j), (3-3j), (-3-1j), (-1-1j), (1-1j), (3-1j), (-3+1j), (-1+1j), (1+1j), (3+1j), (-3+3j), (-1+3j), (1+3j), (3+3j)]
Symbol Map = [0, 4, 12, 8, 1, 5, 13, 9, 3, 7, 15, 11, 2, 6, 14, 10]

The mapping is a 1-to-1 for the items in both lists. The symbols are referred to as the 'pre_diff_code' since this is the mapping before the application of differential modulation, if used.

See [1] for more info.


Parameters

Constellation Type - Type of modulation scheme. Choose Variable Constellation for more control.

Soft Decisions Precision - Specifies how accurate the look up table (LUT) is to a given number of bits.

Soft Decisions LUT - Vector of floating point tuples that acts as the look up table (LUT). Can be set to 'auto' for GNU Radio to populate it.

Symbol Map - (Available when using Variable Constellation) Manually specify the symbol map, in list form.

Constellation Points - (Available when using Variable Constellation) Manually specify the constellation points, using a list of complex numbers.

Rotational Symmetry - (Available when using Variable Constellation) The number of rotations per 360 degrees that the constellation is symmetric, which is 4 for the common constellations.

Dimensionality - (Available when using Variable Constellation) The number of dimensions, typically set to 1.

Example Flowgraph

This flowgraph generates symbols using a chosen modulation scheme, runs the signal through a channel model, and then simulates a receiver by synchronizing to the signal and performing soft decoding.

Constellation soft decoder ex.png